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Basic knowledge of hydraulic transmission of full hydraulic drilling rig
Release time:
2018-08-28
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Full hydraulic drilling rig is mainly composed of three parts, the power source of the host; the working mechanism is to complete the required action; the role of energy and control. That is, the prime mover, the transmission device and the working mechanism. The prime mover is a machine transmission device set between the prime mover and the working mechanism. There are many types of transmission devices. According to the different parts or working media used in the transmission, they can be divided into: mechanical transmission, electric transmission, and pneumatic transmission. And liquid transmission. Liquid transmission is a transmission mode that transmits energy and controls by liquid working medium. According to its working principle, it is divided into hydraulic transmission and hydraulic transmission. Hydraulic transmission is mainly benefit
Full hydraulic drilling rigIt is mainly composed of three parts, the power source of the main engine; the working mechanism completes the required action; the role of energy and control. That is, the prime mover, the transmission device and the working mechanism. The prime mover is a machine transmission device set between the prime mover and the working mechanism, from the transmission.There are many kinds of transmission devices, which can be divided into mechanical transmission, electric transmission, pneumatic transmission and liquid transmission according to the different parts or working media used in the transmission. Liquid transmission is a transmission mode that transmits energy and controls by liquid working medium. According to its working principle, it is divided into hydraulic transmission and hydraulic transmission. Hydraulic transmission is mainly a kind of liquid transmission that uses liquid kinetic energy to transfer energy, such as hydraulic coupler and hydraulic torque converter. Hydraulic transmission is mainly the use of liquid pressure capacity to transfer energy and control of a liquid transmission, also known as hydrostatic transmission or volumetric liquid transmission, the content discussed here are hydraulic transmission problems.
The hydraulic pump sucks oil from the oil tank through the oil filter, and the oil is pressed into the hydraulic cylinder through the reversing valve.The reversing valve is used to control the direction of the liquid flow into the hydraulic cylinder or back to the oil tank. It has four working positions, which respectively make the vertical shaft in four states: rising, neutral (stop), falling and weighing. The flow valve 4 controls the flow discharged from the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the moving speed of the vertical shaft. The relief valve plays the role of pressure regulation and overload safety protection.From the working principle of the vertical shaft feed hydraulic system, a complete hydraulic system that can complete the energy transfer should be composed of the following four parts:
(1) Power components refer to hydraulic pumps, whose function is to convert the mechanical energy output by the prime mover into hydraulic energy and provide pressure oil to the hydraulic system.
(2) Control components, including pressure control valves, flow control valves and directional control valves, etc., whose function is to control the pressure, flow and hydraulic direction of the hydraulic system to ensure that the actuators get the required force, speed and direction of movement.
(3) Actuators, including hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors (collectively referred to as hydraulic motors), whose function is to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and output it to the working mechanism.
(4) Auxiliary components, including fuel tanks, pipes, pipe joints, accumulators, oil filters and various instruments.
Characteristics of hydraulic transmission
Compared with electric and mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission has the following advantages:
(1) It can easily realize stepless speed regulation in a large range, its speed regulation range (speed ratio) can reach 1000, and the unit weightThe output power is large, and it is easy to obtain a large torque. Due to its light weight and small inertia, the action is fast.
(2) Simplify the machine structure, easy to achieve a variety of complex movements, especially easy to achieve linear motion; hydraulic components arrangement has great flexibility.
(3) The operation is simple, and it is easy to realize remote control and automatic control with mechanical, electric and air pressure. Easy to achieve standardization and serialization, easy to design and manufacture.
The disadvantages of hydraulic transmission are:
(1) Leakage in the hydraulic system affects the accuracy of the transmission (such as hydraulic speed ratio, displacement and locking accuracy, etc.),Coupled with resistance loss, its transmission efficiency is low.
(2) the oil into the air, easy to produce vibration, noise and crawling phenomenon.
(3) When the temperature changes, the movement characteristics change due to the change of oil viscosity.
(4) It is more sensitive to oil pollution and requires good filtering equipment. The manufacturing precision of hydraulic components is required.High, the technical level of use and maintenance requirements are also high.
Various transmission modes have their own characteristics, and the current development trend is to use a combination of several transmission modes, that is, compound transmission. For example, most of the drilling rig's slewing and lifting mechanisms use mechanical transmission, while feed and various manipulations use hydraulic transmission. The walking part of the pit probe loader adopts mechanical transmission (or hydraulic-mechanical transmission), and the working mechanism and steering mechanism adopt hydraulic transmission.
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