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Basic concepts of drilling
Release time:
2023-08-02
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Basic concepts of drilling
1. Drilling: usedRigAccording to a certain design angle and direction to the underground drilling, by taking out the hole of the core, debris or in the hole into the test instrument, in order to find out the underground mineral reserves, understand the formation structure, rock properties and meet the requirements of other engineering construction, such engineering is called drilling.
2, core drilling: drilling, in the bottom of the hole to retain the core, and mainly to the proposed core to study, understand the underground geological and mineral conditions of the drilling method.
3. Drilling: utilizationDrillWork at the bottom of the hole, break the rock and continue to deepen the hole. It includes two aspects of crushing the rock at the bottom of the hole and extending the hole as required.
4. Drilling method: the general name of the method and technical measures for crushing the rock at the bottom of the hole when drilling underground.
5. Drilling technology: how to use certain equipment and tools to break the rock (soil layer), create a smooth drilling with a certain diameter and depth in the formation, and take certain technical measures to ensure the smooth progress of the drilling work.
6, drilling: for the purpose of mineral exploration or other engineering purposes, the use of drilling machinery and equipment or other methods to drive the drill bit to drill a cylindrical hole. It has the characteristics of large depth, small diameter and arbitrary direction.
7. Three elements of drilling space ① Hole depth (L): the length of the drilling axis from the orifice to the measuring point; ② vertex angle (θ): the angle between the drilling axis (or its tangent) and the plumb line at the measuring point; ③ azimuth angle (α): the angle between the projection of the drilling axis on the horizontal plane at the measuring point and the magnetic north direction.
8. Drilling structure: refers to the change of hole diameter from opening to final hole. It includes the drilling diameter, the number of diameter changes, the number of layers of the casing, the pipe diameter, the length, the depth of the diameter change and the sealing method at the bottom of the casing.
9. Circulation: The mud pump sends flushing fluid to the bottom of the hole through the inner hole of the drill string (or the gap between the drill string and the hole wall). After flushing the bottom of the hole and cooling the drill bit, it returns to the surface along the annular gap between the drill string and the hole wall (or the inner hole of the drill string) and carries rock powder out of the hole.
10. The purpose of geological core drilling is to remove the core from the ground. Through the analysis, observation, identification and testing of rock cores, we can intuitively understand the thickness, burial depth, occurrence, distribution law, mineral composition, ore grade, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties and structural structure of ore and rock. The quantity and quality of rock cores directly affect the accuracy and reliability of judging geological structure, evaluating mineral resources, submitting mineral reserves and mining design. Geological core drilling is an effective method to obtain underground physical samples. The drilling process not only requires a high drilling efficiency, but also requires the number of cores taken to have sufficient volume, in quality to maintain the primary structure and ore-bearing grade as much as possible. These requirements are expressed in core taking rate in core drilling quality management.
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